I'm a "Computational Linguist" at Amazon & I would recommend that you spend some time thinking about what areas you're most interested in, what problems you're interested in solving, what burning questions about language you want answered, what kind of company you're interested in working at, etc.
Then once you narrow your scope, start just googling those keywords and look up people/papers that are doing those things currently and figure out what kinds of technology they use.
Some other suggestions:
- Google "computational linguist jobs" and read through job descriptions. It will go a long way to let you know what the "industry standard" for a computational linguist is
- Look at syllabi for current MA/PHD programs in CL. They might point you to books and concepts that you want to learn more about. Some of them might have slides and resources directly on their program pages
- Look at what people are presenting at conferences and see what grabs your attention. For example, I went to NAACL in 2019 and there were really cool presentations about building ML models to find political leanings of blogs and news sources. cool applications of nlp i hadnt thought of
- Look into coursera udemy courses for NLP. Things like: Udacity NLP Nanodegree & Coursera: NLP Specialization
For books & projects, I think the other commenter's paper list will help a lot but these are the books that I've worked through as I was developing my skills: https://web.stanford.edu/\~jurafsky/slp3/ & https://www.nltk.org/book/
Hope this helps! Ultimately you'll need to do the work to figure out what you want to work on and learn. It's gonna take years to develop the skills but there are so many interesting problems that can be solved with the skills of a CL, so i wish you luck