Correct me if I'm wrong, it sounds like an issue a friend of mine has, someone described it as being too sure of yourself. She isn't, but the way she phrases her words makes her come off as a know it all.
Example: I told her about a neighbor who has been creepy and keeps trying to invite himself in. She starts laughing and asks me why I think he would do such a thing. I think he's trying to get in my pants, he's creeping me out. But no, she laughs in my face and tells me that people always have the best intentions in mind and all people want is to help.
She obviously isn't listening to my issue, makes a bunch of assumptions and exclaims something that is not based on anything but her own bias. All of these three things (not listening, assumptions and bias) can cause communication issues. It will take time to work on them.
You could start with active listening (ask questions about the story the other person is telling you to make sure you understand and verify if your assumptions are correct). Reflecting on your bias is really difficult and I don't think it's usually the main issue.
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I've started https://www.coursera.org/learn/psychological-first-aid/home/welcome because it contains an intro to reflective listening, maybe you can try a course like this (it should be free, if not, don't pay but look for things on youtube).