In addition to the list /u/Vehk provided, I'm happy to share a few new ones I've discovered:
My absolute favorite has been this Biblical Archaeology: The archaeology of ancient Israel and Judah course by Aren Meier. His team did a fantastic job exploiting technology to really bring the subject to life! (They just wrapped up the 2019 season!)
> In this course, we will use cutting-edge, inter-disciplinary archaeological research to explore the fascinating field of archaeology, the history of this era, and it’s “players”(e.g. Israel, Judah, Philistine, Mesopotamia, Phoenicia, Aram, Moab, Edom, ancient Egypt etc.). Special focus will be given to complex relationship between archaeology, history and the bible, and how modern research interfaces between these different, and at times conflicting, sources. In particular, how can archaeology be used to understand the biblical text – and vice a versa.
The Bible in Light of the Ancient Near East:
> The purpose of this course is to introduce you to the fascinating world of Israel’s neighboring civilizations in biblical times. It offers a comparative study that examines the relationship between the Bible and these civilizations. We will discuss a selection of biblical traditions, genres, and themes from a comparative perspective, and show how the ancient Near Eastern materials shed new light on these topics.
I'm about halfway through The Bible's Prehistory, Purpose, and Political Future:
> With its walls razed to ground by Babylon’s armies, Jerusalem joined a long line of ancient vanquished cities—from Ur and Nineveh and Persepolis to Babylon itself. While some recovered from the destruction, others did not. But none responded to political catastrophe by fashioning the kind of elaborate and enduring monument to their own downfall that we find in the Bible.
Next up for me is The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem:
> The destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem and the Babylonian Exile were a great catastrophe in the history of the Jewish Nation.
What really happened during that dark, fateful age, and how did new opportunities arise from the ashes?
edX also has a World Religions Through Their Scriptures series.