I would suggest the book Thinking with Type by Ellen Lupton, it's a great primer to the topic. Also this online "book" Butterick's Practical Typography in ten minutes. And this primer on the basics of design (color, type, grid): Readymag Design Almanac. There's a good beginner course on Coursera as well, you can get a free trial.
Constantly study work that you admire and try to understand why you like it or what makes it good. Use sites like behance.net to browse and save work. I'd also follow blogs/sites like It's Nice That(general design news/trends), Brand New(explains brand redesigns), Fonts in Use, to see how designers talk about their work. Read about the history of different graphic design movements.
Most importantly, constantly be making work of your own, and get feedback, and try to improve. You don't need fancy software-- many use Illustrator, but graphic design is fundamentally about composition and creating a visual language. In the old days people worked with paper, pen, and paper cutouts and made amazing work that modern designers still try to emulate. Don't get caught up with the fancy flashy tools. Good luck!